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13.Increased IGF mRNA in human skeletal muscle after creatine supplementation.
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14.Effect of creatine supplementation and resistance-exercise training on muscle insulin-like growth factor in young adults.
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19.Oral creatine monohydrate supplementation improves brain performance: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial.
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20.Increase of total creatine in human brain after oral supplementation of creatine-monohydrate.
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21.Role of the creatine/phosphocreatine system in the regulation of mitochondrial respiration.
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22.Creatine-supplemented diet extends Purkinje cell survival in spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 transgenic mice but does not prevent the ataxic phenotype.
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23.Long-term creatine supplementation does not significantly affect clinical markers of health in athletes.
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24.Creatine supplementation and health variables: a retrospective study.
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25.Risk assessment for creatine monohydrate.
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26.Effects of long-term creatine supplementation on liver and kidney functions in American college football players.
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27.Creatine supplementation during college football training does not increase the incidence of cramping or injury.
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28.Physiological responses to short-term exercise in the heat after creatine loading.
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29.Comparison of new forms of creatine in raising plasma creatine levels.
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30.A buffered form of creatine does not promote greater changes in muscle creatine content, body composition, or training adaptations than creatine monohydrate.
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31.The effects of creatine ethyl ester supplementation combined with heavy resistance training on body composition, muscle performance, and serum and muscle creatine levels.
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32.Effect of acute and chronic oral l-carnitine supplementation on exercise performance based on the exercise intensity: a systematic review.
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34.Effects of L-carnitine L-tartrate supplementation on muscle oxygenation responses to resistance exercise.
Barry A Spiering, William J Kraemer, Disa L Hatfield, Jakob L Vingren, Maren S Fragala, Jen-Yu Ho, Gwendolyn A Thomas, Keijo Häkkinen, Jeff S Volek.
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35.L-Carnitine Tartrate Supplementation for 5 Weeks Improves Exercise Recovery in Men and Women: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.
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36.l-Carnitine Supplementation in Recovery after Exercise.
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37.l-Carnitine l-tartrate supplementation favorably affects biochemical markers of recovery from physical exertion in middle-aged men and women.
Jen-Yu Ho, William J Kraemer, Jeff S Volek, Maren S Fragala, Gwendolyn A Thomas, Courtenay Dunn-Lewis, Michael Coday, Keijo Häkkinen, Carl M Maresh. Metabolism. 2010 Aug;59(8):1190-9.
38.L-Carnitine L-tartrate supplementation favorably affects markers of recovery from exercise stress.
Jeff S Volek, William J Kraemer, Martyn R Rubin, Ana L Gómez, Nicholas A Ratamess, Paula Gaynor. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2002 Feb;282(2):E474-82.
39.l-Carnitine Supplementation in Recovery after Exercise.
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40.Effects of prolonged L-carnitine administration on delayed muscle pain and CK release after eccentric effort.
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41.The effects of L-carnitine L-tartrate supplementation on hormonal responses to resistance exercise and recovery.
William J Kraemer, Jeff S Volek, Duncan N French, Martyn R Rubin, Matthew J Sharman, Ana L Gómez, Nicholas A Ratamess, Robert U Newton, Bozena Jemiolo, Bruce W Craig, Keijo Häkkinen. J Strength Cond Res. 2003 Aug;17(3):455-62.
42.Androgenic responses to resistance exercise: effects of feeding and L-carnitine.
William J Kraemer, Barry A Spiering, Jeff S Volek, Nicholas A Ratamess, Matthew J Sharman, Martyn R Rubin, Duncan N French, Ricardo Silvestre, Disa L Hatfield, Jaci L Van Heest, Jakob L Vingren, Daniel A Judelson, Michael R Deschenes, Carl M Maresh. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2006 Jul;38(7):1288-96.
43.Effects of oral L-carnitine supplementation on insulin sensitivity indices in response to glucose feeding in lean and overweight/obese males.
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44.Responses of criterion variables to different supplemental doses of L-carnitine L-tartrate.
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45.Ergogenic effects of betaine supplementation on strength and power performance.
Elaine C Lee, Carl M Maresh, William J Kraemer, Linda M Yamamoto, Disa L Hatfield, Brooke L Bailey, Lawrence E Armstrong, Jeff S Volek, Brendon P McDermott, Stuart As Craig. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2010 Jul 19;7:27.
46.Effect of betaine supplementation on power performance and fatigue.
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47.Effects of betaine on performance and body composition: a review of recent findings and potential mechanisms.
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48.Effects of short-term betaine supplementation on muscle endurance and indices of endocrine function following acute high-intensity resistance exercise in young athletes.
Hamid Arazi, Shima Aboutalebi, Behzad Taati, Jason M Cholewa, Darren G Candow. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2022 Mar 22;19(1):1-16.
49.The effects of chronic betaine supplementation on exercise performance, skeletal muscle oxygen saturation and associated biochemical parameters in resistance trained men.
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50.Effects of Betaine Supplementation on Markers of Metabolic Flexibility, Body Composition, and Anaerobic Performance in Active College-Age Females.
Hunter S Waldman, Andrea R Bryant, Matthew J McAllister. J Diet Suppl. 2021 Sep 3;1-17.
51.Effect of betaine supplementation on cycling sprint performance.
J Luke Pryor, Stuart As Craig, Thomas Swensen. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2012 Apr 3;9(1):12.